Dawn in the forest

After a couple of weeks when the dawn has been too wet or windy for recording, I finally made it up to Haldon Forest for the August recording of my year-long project.

Unfortunately the wind was carrying the sound of the A38 main road across the forest to where I was recording, and even after filtering there is still some traffic noise audible. For this reason I've made this month's track a condensed version with only the most interesting bits of action.

After remaining quiet all summer, the Fallow Deer are becoming more vocal as they approach the rutting season. A group of seven deer crossed the road only metres from the car as I was recording, including the first antlered stag I've seen this year.

Also heard in this recording are a couple of summer migrants, now close to the end of their stay but still making their voices heard. First of all a Nightjar, which actually swooped overhead, silhouetted against the dawn sky, before it called. Towards the end of the recording a Chiffchaff also breaks into song.

Partially baffled boundary array

This recording was the first field test of a new type of stereo array for my AT4022 microphones. Drawing on the design of Crown's "SASS" microphones and also the research of several members of the NatureRecordists Yahoo group, this features two angled wooden boundary plates with an acoustic  foam baffle between them. My initial feeling is that it significantly improves the width and localisation of the stereo field - comments and opinions are very welcome!

Even when things don't go quite to plan with the recording it's still wonderful to be out in the forest so early in the morning - driving back I caught a glimpse of fog around Exeter, so I made a detour to a point where I could look down onto the city rising out of the morning mist.

Exeter surrounded by fog

Posted from Newton Abbot, England, United Kingdom.

It's now late July, and the dawn chorus is virtually non-existent. With breeding over most of the birds are busy feeding on the abundance of insects and seeds around the forest and are quiet except for occasional contact calls. In the distance a Nightjar calls over the scrubland, and then falls silent as the light grows. Tawny Owls and a Kestrel can also be heard, before a group of Ravens arrive in the area. Towards the end of the piece a Great-spotted Woodpecker flies in and begins feeding on a nearby tree.

This is actually a condensed version of an 80-minute recording, with passing cars/aircraft and long periods with little or no activity removed. The Raven segment has been left pretty much intact however, to include the wide variety of different calls the birds produce.

Recorded with 2 x AT4022 omnidirectional microphones in a parallel boundary array, connected to a Tascam HD-P2 recorder. Filtering applied with apQualizr to remove distant traffic noise, and levels boosted by 20dB for easier listening.

Posted from Newton Abbot, England, United Kingdom.

Posted from Cheriton Bishop, England, United Kingdom.

Posted from Glastonbury, England, United Kingdom.

We arrived at the heath just before sunset, and walked out to one of the more remote areas. The site is bordered by farmland and bisected by a well-used B-road, so vehicle noise is an issue everywhere. We heard the first Nightjar calling in the distance at around 21:40, some 20 minutes after sunset. This bird was too far away to record successfully, but hearing it churring along with a late Skylark and a just-awakening Tawny Owl was beautiful. We then slowly retraced our steps back to the parking area and came across another bird calling from a clump of conifer trees. Again, this was a little too far away to record, and after a few minutes it moved on to another part of the heath.

At this point we split up for a few minutes - Lil wanted to check out the local bat life with her detector and I wanted to look at the conifer trees to see whether there were any decent concealed recording sites close by. As I headed back down the path to meet up with Lil again I could hear a Nightjar calling in front of me. The bird had landed on a bare branch about 10m from where Lil was standing, and I managed to get this recording before it moved on. At the end of the recording you hear a wonderful example of the bird "clapping" by striking its wings together over its back as it flies away.

The recording was made with a Sennheiser ME66/K6 microphone and a Tascam HD-P2 recorder. Levels boosted by 20dB in post and some filtering applied using apQualizr to remove distant traffic noise.

Posted from Bishopsteignton, England, United Kingdom.

1. For those of you not from the UK this is a series which runs for a few weeks in late Spring following various wildlife stories using hidden cameras and location film crews [↩]

The AT4022 is an omnidirectional microphone, meaning it is equally sensitive to sound from all directions.¹ Because of this, an ORTF set-up like I was using with the RØDE NT1As would deliver very little in the way of stereo. Instead I've mounted the microphones in a parallel boundary array, based on the work of Curt Olson and other contributors to the Naturerecordists Yahoo group (photos below).

These recordings are from a morning spent testing the new rig on the sand dunes at Dawlish Warren NNR. The microphones are connected to a Tascam HD-P2 recorder, and the only post-processing is a gain boost of around 20dB to save you turning up your speakers!

Whitethroat (Sylvia communis)

Skylark (Alauda arvensis)

Initial thoughts - the self-noise of the microphone is definitely more noticeable that that of the NT1As² but the recordings have a far more natural feel. With the NT1As I always "knew" I was listening to a recording, whereas with a good set of headphones it's possible to completely lose yourself in the AT4022 recordings and feel like you're back in the field listening to the birds. My guess is this is partly down to the more even frequency response of the new microphones, along with the better stereo field created by the parallel boundary array.

The recordings were made on a fairly breezy morning, and the only protection on the microphones was the simple foam cover provided in the box. Aside from a few particularly strong gusts I had no trouble with wind noise while recording - another advantage of omnidirectional microphones which are typically much less sensitive to wind than cardioids.

Posted from Exmouth, England, United Kingdom.

1. Theoretically anyway. In practice the response pattern becomes a little uneven at higher frequencies - see this diagram: http://eu.audio-technica.com/en/resources/e873eb8efe56cafc_at4022_polar.jpg [↩]
2. The AT4022 is rated at 13dB(A) self-noise as opposed to the  5dB(A) of the NT1A, one of the quietest consumer microphones available [↩]

They're very hard to track down as there are so many singing at once that it's almost impossible to zero in on one individual. When you do get up close to one the volume of the call is incredible.

Recorded with the built-in microphones on an Olympus LS-10. No post-processing needed, the crickets were loud enough to down out almost all the background noise!

Great Green Bush-crickets

20090520_whitethroat

Recorded with a Sennheiser K6/ME66 microphone and an Olympus LS-10 recorder. Gain boosted and aircraft noise removed using Cubase LE.

It's over ten years since the one and only time I'd heard a Nightingale, and that was just a few brief snatches of song from a hedgerow in the Cotswold Water Park, so I was keen to hear the birds and maybe get some recordings. On Saturday morning we headed out to the wood to scope out possible recording sites. The weather was patchy, with strong gusts of wind and rain showers interspersed with periods of sun. We heard a few brief Nightingale calls at a couple of places in the wood, which of course stopped the moment I took out my recording equipment.

We decided that, weather permitting, we'd have another try in the evening when the birds would be in full song. Throughout the afternoon the weather remained changeable, but around 7pm the clouds broke up and the wind dropped, so we headed back to the wood. The site is close enough to the A40 main road for there to be significant traffic noise. For this reason, together with the need for a kit that could be packed up and taken to shelter quickly if the weather broke, I chose my Sennheiser K6/ME66 in a Rycote windshield instead of the NT1A stereo rig.

On arrival at the wood we made our way to the first site where we'd heard some brief song during the day, but although the evening chorus was in full swing there were no Nightingales to be heard. The second site we'd found during the day was a 2km walk along some fairly swampy paths, so instead we wandered along a ride we hadn't explored earlier. We hadn't gone far when a brief burst of song from the bushes announced the first Nightingale of the evening. I set the microphone up using the trunk of a large tree as both support (for portability I had the Rycote zeppelin mounted on a telescopic monopod) and to block out as much road noise as possible. There were at least three, possibly more, Nightingales in the immediate area and they continued to sing for about an hour - not always from the same spot, but often close enough to the mic to get a good recording. They were competing with a nearby Blackbird and I'm fairly sure there was some interaction between the two species, as their phrases almost always came simultaneously, as can be heard in this first recording:

As the sun went down the other birds fell silent and the Nightingales continued singing, but unfortunately they moved across the ride. This meant my microphone, which had previously been pointing away from the road with a tree as a baffle, was now pointing directly at the traffic. With some heavy parametric EQ in Cubase LE the song can be rescued from the overwhelming roar of vehicles, but loses some of its richness:

Both recordings were made with a Sennheiser K6/ME66 microphone (mounted in a Rycote windshield with windjammer) and a Tascam HD-P2 recorder. Post processed in Cubase LE for EQ, level boost and fade in/out.

Species include: Little Grebe, Mallard, Canada Goose, Herring Gull, Woodpigeon, Blackbird, Chiffchaff, Greenfinch, Magpie and Carrion Crow.

Recorded with a Tascam HD-P2 recorder and two RØDE NT1-A microphones in a custom-built ORTF array with a central barrier. Filtered to remove vehicle noise and boosted by 6dB in post-processing.